Luminary Learning Gastrointestinal Disorder- Issue 1

29 Current guidelines for colonoscopy Nallely Saldana-Ruiz, Andreas M. Kaiser Abbreviations ACS American Cancer Society ACG American College of Gastroenterology AGA American Gastroenterology Association ASCRS American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons ASGE American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy CRC Colorectal cancer CRP C-reactive protein FIT Fecal immunochemical testing FOBT Fecal occult blood testing FAP/AFAP Familial adenomatous polyposis/attenuated FAP HNPCC Lynch syndrome, hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer IBD Inflammatory bowel disease MAP MUTYH-associated polyposis WBC White blood cells Key Points zz Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract and develops in 4.5% of the average risk in the U.S. population. CRC can develop as sporadic cancer without any known gene mutation, result from known genetic mutations, or be superimposed on chronic inflammatory bowel disease. zz Cancer-specific survival at 5 years for all tumor stages is 65% with an indirect correlation between tumor stage and prognosis. 3 N. Saldana-Ruiz, M.D., M.P.H. Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA A.M. Kaiser, M.D., F.A.C.S., F.A.S.C.R.S. (  ) Department of Colorectal Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Suite 7418, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA e-mail: akaiser@usc.edu