Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

attrition rate of 8.9%. An additional 39 able-bodied con- trol subjects were studied and aggregated separately. Data from one subject was excluded as she was below 18 years of age. Demographic data from the sample is shown in Table 1 . Four exercise testing modalities were identified in the review; 1) single-leg ergometry (SLE), 2) upper extremity ergometry (UEE), 3) combined upper extremity/lower extremity ergometry (UEE/SLE), and 3) a rowing ma- chine (RM). Of the six SLE tests identified, five followed a continuous testing protocol while one test followed an intermittent submaximal protocol in which the subject pedaled for 90 s and rested for 30 s between each metered effort increase. Of four UEE tests, two were continuous, one was intermittent in which the subject pedaled the UEE for 2 min with 1 min of rest between effort increases, and one followed an unreported proto- col. The lone UEE/LE combined test, which was per- formed on a recumbent elliptical ergometer, was continuous. The protocol adopted on the RM was not reported. Study data is given in Table 2 . In terms of reported outcome measures, two articles re- ported HR, five on %VO 2max , one on VO 2 only, and five on maximum workload achieved during the testing proto- col. Descriptive statistics were performed on %VO 2max and maximum achieved workload to determine measures of central tendency weighted by the number of subjects included in the applicable studies. %VO 2max is presented Table 1 Subject sociodemographic data Author Journal Year n age (years) Weight (kg) Etiology of Ampuation Chin et al. J Rehabil Res Dev 2012 7 67.7 ± 3.91 51.1 kg ± 9.7 tumor, infection Chin et al. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002 31 [ 18 ] 26.0 ± 5.7 [25.4 + 3.7] X X Chin et al. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2006 49 67.5 ± 5.6 yrs X vascular, trauma, tumor, infection Chin et al. Prosthet Orthot Int 2002 17 67.4 X vascular Erjavec et al. Disabil Rehabil 2014 101 69.4 (53 – 84) X vascular Erjavec et al. Eur J Phys Med Rehabil 2008 61 72.5 X vascular Hamamura, et al. J Int Med Res 2009 64 67.3 X Vascular, Non-vascular Vestering, et al. Int J Rehabil Res 2005 4 38.5 79.8 kg Trauma, cancer, diabetes, neurofibromatosis Wezenburg et al. Ann Phys Med Rehabil 2012 36 [ 31 ] 62.3 [60.8 ± 5.9] 82.4 [81.1 kg ± 14.3] traumatic, vascular Van Velzen et al. Disabi Rehabil 2006 78 70 X Vascular Total 448 65.4 [44.5] 77.5 Control subject data are presented in brackets [] Table 2 Study data Author Journal Year Study Design Amputation Level Exercise Testing Modality %VO 2max Maximum workload (W) Attrition rate Chin et al. J Rehabil Res Dev 2012 Prospective Cohort Hip Disarticulation 1-leg ergometer 57.2 ± 11.1% 0% Chin et al. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002 Prospective Cohort Lower Extremity 1-leg ergometer 80.00% 67.6 + 20.2 W 0% Chin et al. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2006 Prospective Cohort Transfemoral/Hip Disarticulation 1-leg ergometer 64.4 ± 14.4% X 0% Chin et al. Prosthet Orthot Int 2002 Retrospective Cohort Transfemoral 1-leg ergometer 58.6 ± 7.6% X 0% Erjavec et al. Disabil Rehabil 2014 Prospective Cohort Unilateral Transfemoral Upper Extremity X 50 W 37% Erjavec et al. Eur J Phys Med Rehabil 2008 Prospective Cohort Transfemoral Upper Extremity X 40 W 1% Hamamura, et al. J Int Med Res 2009 Retrospective Cohort History of TFA or HD 1-leg ergometer 58.80% X X Vestering, et al. Int J Rehabil Res 2005 Case Series Unilateral Lower Extremity combined upper/lower extremity ergometer 63.69% (combined), 73.3% (UE) 95 W (combined), 106.7 W (UE) 20% Wezenburg et al. Ann Phys Med Rehabil 2012 Retrospective Cohort Transtibial, transfemoral 1-leg cycle ergometer X 132.0 W peak 3% Van Velzen et al. Disabi Rehabil 2006 Systematic Review Lower Extremity Rowing machine, UE ergometer X Level 2: 44 + 3 W, Level 3: 71 + 4 W N/A Klenow et al. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 2018, 15 (Suppl 1):64 Page 15 of 72