Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

Conclusion This unique, population-based study suggests that the high risk of initial mortality stemming from an amputa- tion event may preclude many amputees with dysvascu- lar disease from progression of cardiovascular disease. In contrast, patient who had an amputation due to trauma or cancer have no greater risk of a cardiovascular event than individuals without an amputation. Notably, pros- thesis receipt was not associated with a decreased risk of experiencing a MACE. Funding The publication costs of this article were funded by the American Orthotic and Prosthetic Association and the Rochester Epidemiology Project, which is supported by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01AG034676. It was also made possible in part by the Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science for Health Care Delivery. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health, Rochester Epidemiology Project, Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, or the American Orthotic and Prosthetic Association. Availability of data and materials Please contact author (BFM) for data request. About this supplement This article has been published as part of Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation Volume 15 Supplement 1, 2018: Advancements in Prosthetics and Orthotics: Selected articles from the Second World Congress hosted by the American Orthotic & Prosthetic Association (AOPA). The full contents of the supplement are available online at https://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/ articles/supplements/volume-15-supplement-1 . Authors ’ contributions All authors conceived the retrospective study design and analysis methods. BFM performed retrospective data analysis. BFM and MTL drafted the manuscript, and all authors read, revised, and approved the final manuscript. Ethics approval and consent to participate This study had ethical approval from Institutional Review Board at Mayo Clinic and Olmsted Medical Center in accordance with study approval policies for using Rochester Epidemiology Project data. Consent for publication Not applicable. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Publisher ’ s Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Fig. 3 Time dependent probability of a major cardiovascular event (MACE) or death for individuals with a transfemoral amputation who received a prosthesis compared to those who did not receive a prosthesis Mundell et al. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 2018, 15 (Suppl 1):58 Page 8 of 72